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Dgat mice however had less adipose tissue as reflected
2020-12-07
Dgat−/− mice, however, had less adipose tissue, as reflected by lower total fat pad weights and body triglyceride content. Because of these findings, we hypothesized that, although Dgat−/− mice could make triglycerides through non-DGAT pathway(s), their triglyceride synthesis capacity might not be e
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To compare glucose metabolism via oxidative phosphorylation
2020-12-07
To compare glucose metabolism via oxidative phosphorylation to that via glycolysis, a bioenergetics plot was constructed (Fig. 3A). In most cells, a decrease in one bioenergetics pathway is compensated by an increase in the other. However, following NAT1 deletion, there was a decrease in both oxidat
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Fluconazole Besides being an energy storing tissue adipose t
2020-12-04
Besides being an energy storing tissue, adipose tissue acts as an active endocrine organ that secretes a number of biologically active adipokines involved in multiple physiological processes such as inflammation and lipid and glucose metabolism, with direct and indirect effects on reproduction [15,1
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Since its inception ADEPT approach has been
2020-12-04
Since its inception, ADEPT approach has been widely reported by many groups using a variety of enzymes and prodrugs (see reviews) [12], [14]. Both mammalian and non-mammalian enzymes have been utilised. Of the mammalian variety, human β-glucuronidase in combination with many prodrugs [17], [18] and
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br Acknowledgements br The oxygenation level has an impact o
2020-12-04
Acknowledgements The oxygenation level has an impact on various aspects of skin physiology, but mechanisms of these effects, including the role of hypoxia in epidermal differentiation, are still poorly understood. The main components of the hypoxia pathway are short-lived transcription factor H
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The Liver X Receptor and
2020-12-04
The Liver X Receptor-α and -β (LXRs, NR1H3 and NR1H2, respectively) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily that play a central role in controlling cholesterol homeostasis [9], [10]. In macrophages, LXRs can decrease the cellular sterol burden by inducing expression of the cholesterol efflux
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br Materials and methods br Results discussion
2020-12-04
Materials and methods Results + discussion Conclusions We have demonstrated the systematic optimization of the functional folding of a CF synthesized GPCR. The approach addresses central issues relevant for many membrane proteins such as disulfide bridge formation, proper hydrophobic enviro
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br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments
2020-12-04
STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We would like to thank Dr. Tsung-Ping and Dr. Shang-Yi Tsai, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH for sharing protocols on pulse chase experiments and analysis. We would like to thank Dr. William G. Telford for his valuable input on Amnis flow cytometry experiment
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Likewise the conserved cysteine in the E
2020-12-04
Likewise, the conserved cysteine in the E2 protein is the only residue shown to be essential for the transfer of Ub/Ubl from E2 to the HECT ligases (Dye and Schulman, 2007, Wu et al., 2003). However, all other terminal Ub/Ubl transfer reactions involving E2 enzymes suggest a critical role for the ta
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In conclusion we have found that Egr can play an
2020-12-03
In conclusion, we have found that Egr1 can play an inhibitory role on DBH promoter-driven transcription. This inhibition requires a newly identified Egr1 response doxercalciferol at the −227/−224 region of DBH promoter. This inhibition appears to result from Egr1 directly bound to the DBH promoter.
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The involvement of FOXO and STAT in DNA PKcs and
2020-12-03
The involvement of FOXO3 and STAT5 in DNA-PKcs and (+)-Usniacin IV has not been reported before, and the search by the ECR browser (http://ecrbrowser.decode.org) revealed that 1kb of the 5′ promoter of DNA-PKcs possesses 4 STAT (−908bp to −901bp, −676bp to −656bp, −533bp to −526bp and −66bp to −59b
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Losmapimod Hedamycin isolated from Streptomyces griseoruber
2020-12-03
Hedamycin, isolated from Streptomyces griseoruber, belongs to the highly cytotoxic pluramycin class of Losmapimod (Figure 3(c)). It consists of a planar anthrapyrantrione chromophore attached to two amino sugar rings at one end and a bisepoxide-containing side-chain at the other end (Figure 3(c)).
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Hepatic steatosis is strongly associated with insulin resist
2020-12-03
Hepatic steatosis is strongly associated with insulin resistance. Numerous studies in humans and animals have shown that insulin-resistant states are often accompanied by hepatic steatosis (Angulo and Lindor, 2001, Marchesini et al., 1999, Marchesini et al., 2005, Petersen and Shulman, 2006, Seppala
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The collagen binding membrane proteins discoidin
2020-12-03
The collagen-binding membrane proteins, discoidin domain receptors 1 and 2 (DDR1 and DDR2) belong to the family of receptor tyrosine kinase and are expressed in a variety of mammalian cells.7, 8 These transmembrane glycoproteins (∼125 kDa) have been found to be over-expressed or atypically expressed
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br The role of TNFs and AD The
2020-12-03
The role of TNFs and AD The TNF superfamily includes 19 members that can bind 29 different receptors [56, 57]; the 19 members are Lta, TNF-α, lymphotoxin-β (LTβ), OX40L, TNF associated activation protein (TRAP, also named CD40L or gp39), factor associated suicide ligand (FasL), CD70, CD153, 4-1BB
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