• Cyclopamine as a Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitor: Developmenta...

  2025-09-22

  Cyclopamine, a potent Hedgehog signaling inhibitor, serves as a valuable tool for investigating both developmental biology and cancer pathways. This article explores Cyclopamine's mechanistic impact, practical applications in cancer models, and emerging insights from comparative developmental studies.

• Molecular Determinants of mRNA Performance: Insights from...

  2025-09-19

  Explore how EZ Cap™ Cas9 mRNA (m1Ψ) leverages Cap1 capping, N1-Methylpseudo-UTP, and poly(A) tail engineering to enhance mRNA stability, translation, and immune evasion for precision CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in mammalian cells.

• SR-202: A Selective PPARγ Antagonist for Advanced Obesity...

  2025-09-18

  Explore the mechanistic role of SR-202, a selective PPARγ antagonist, in inhibiting PPAR-dependent adipocyte differentiation and its application in insulin resistance and anti-obesity drug development. This article synthesizes current research and highlights SR-202’s unique advantages for dissecting nuclear receptor signaling pathways.

• Tropomyosi http www apexbt com media

  2025-03-03

  

  Tropomyosin-related kinases (Trks) play crucial role in neurotrophin-mediated cellular activities, including neuronal differentiation, survival, and synaptic function [37] through activating downstream signaling mediators PI3K and Akt [38]. In a therapeutic context, Akt has been shown to mediate str

• AhR is also known to

  2025-03-03

  

  AhR is also known to “cross-talk” with a variety of other cell signaling pathways, which has been the focus of a number of recent reviews [40], [41], [42]. It has long been known that TCDD is anti-estrogenic. For example, activation of AhR by TCDD and related HAHs inhibits estrogen dependent uterus

• In silico docking analysis performed in

  2025-03-03

  

  In silico docking analysis performed in the current study indicated that TCDD strongly binds to AhR-LBD. Moreover, the formation of the TCDD/AhR-LBD complex was confirmed experimentally with the use of EMSA. We found that 10nM TCDD after 2 hours of incubation not only bound to the AhR in the porcine

• We stimulated HNEpC cells with

  2025-03-03

  

  We stimulated HNEpC cells with LPS found that the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and the expression of AHR was increased significantly, and miR124 was reduced. It has been found that LPS as a foreign substance can bind to the TLR family of proteins to activate intracellular AHR signaling [[19],

• The numbers and types of

  2025-03-03

  

  The numbers and types of molecules needing to be transported across membranes are very large, and there is a corresponding very large and diverse number of transporters expressed throughout the body. Hundreds of proteins that have been assigned as having transporter function are broadly divided into

• br Results br Discussion Today enzymes play important roles

  2025-03-03

  

  Results Discussion Today, enzymes play important roles in various fields. A good assay for enzyme activity is of great value, especially when it has good specificity, sensitivity, reproducibility and economy. ADK is the first identified enzyme in the metabolic pathway of adenosine salvage [15,

• Cofilin is an additional actin

  2025-03-03

  

  Cofilin is an additional PG 01037 dihydrochloride severing protein present in sperm cells that undergo phosphorylation/inactivation on serine 3 by Lim kinases (LIMK) and by Tes kinases (TESK) [48]. LIMK can be activated by several pathways, including one through the Rho/ROCK/LIMK cascade [49], [50],

• Derivatives of M that possess either an

  2025-03-03

  

  Derivatives of (+)-M100907 that possess either an alkyne or an azide have been synthesized. The most active enantiomer was obtained by resolution of a relatively early intermediate in the synthesis. The ability of these urea nitrogen to maintain 5-HTR antagonist properties as (+)-M100907 was demons

• Because of its role in tumor growth proliferation

  2025-03-03

  

  Because of its role in tumor growth, proliferation and metastasis, Axl is considered a therapeutic target. Several Axl inhibitors, including low-molecular-weight agents and antibodies, have been reported. Axl inhibition, using low-molecular-weight inhibitors or shRNA knockdown, resulted in reduced t

• Regarding brain tumors AXL has been implicated

  2025-03-03

  

  Regarding NS 11394 tumors, AXL has been implicated in gliomagenesis and chemoresistance [39]. Previous investigations found that AXL is constitutively phosphorylated in many glioma cell lines, murine xenograft tumors and primary patient tumor samples [40]. Immunohistochemical analysis of AXL and Gas

• Because R gene is positively regulated by

  2025-03-01

  

  Because 5α-R2 gene is positively regulated by T and in the prostate gland (Torres et al., 2003), and our BPA-treated rats showed decreased circulating T and probably intraprostatic androgen levels, it might be responsible for the decrease of 5α-R2 expression. However, in a previous work using castra

• br Roles of apelin and APJ

  2025-03-01

  

  Roles of apelin and APJ in cardiovascular diseases Therapeutic potential of apelin/APJ in cardiovascular diseases Since the apelin/APJ system plays a key role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, it seems logical to presume that targeting this axis should be feasible a

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